隱形眼鏡：時尚還是健康的威脅？
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保護眼睛免受藥物副作用：了解藥物對乾眼症的影響
許多藥物可能導致乾眼症症狀， 包括抗粉刺藥物與抗組織胺藥物。 來看看最常見的幾種吧1-5:
避孕藥
雌激素可能會影響淚膜中的水分生成， 進而使雙眼乾澀。 若您有乾眼症， 使用避孕藥或進行針對更年期的荷爾蒙替代療法， 請諮詢您的婦科醫師。1-5
參考資料
- Fraunfelder, Frederick T, et al. The role of medications in causing dry eye. Journal of ophthalmology vol. 2012 (2012): 285851. doi:10.1155/2012/285851
- J. Daniel Nelson, et al. Non-hormonal Systemic Medications and Dry Eye. Ocul Surf. 2011 Oct;9(4):212-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1542-0124(11)70034-9
- Jaanus SD. Ocular side effects of selected systemic drugs. Optom Clin. 1992;2(4):73-96. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1363080
- Junping Li, Ramesh C. Tripathi, Brenda J. Tripathi. Drug-induced ocular disorders. Drug Saf. 2008;31(2):127-41. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18217789
- Facts About Dry Eye. The national eye institute. https://nei.nih.gov/health/dryeye/dryeye. Last accessed August 25, 2019.
抗高血壓藥物
被歸類為 Beta 受體阻斷劑的抗高血壓藥物可能會減少淚液生成，並導致乾眼症症狀1-5
參考資料
- Fraunfelder, Frederick T, et al. The role of medications in causing dry eye. Journal of ophthalmology vol. 2012 (2012): 285851. doi:10.1155/2012/285851
- J. Daniel Nelson, et al. Non-hormonal Systemic Medications and Dry Eye. Ocul Surf. 2011 Oct;9(4):212-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1542-0124(11)70034-9
- Jaanus SD. Ocular side effects of selected systemic drugs. Optom Clin. 1992;2(4):73-96. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1363080
- Junping Li, Ramesh C. Tripathi, Brenda J. Tripathi. Drug-induced ocular disorders. Drug Saf. 2008;31(2):127-41. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18217789
- Facts About Dry Eye. The national eye institute. https://nei.nih.gov/health/dryeye/dryeye. Last accessed August 25, 2019.
抗組織胺藥物
這種藥物能阻絕身體對於過敏引發物的反應，避免淚液過度分泌或流鼻水等，但也會在一定程度上抑制淚腺，導致沒有足夠的淚液可以潤滑雙眼。1-5
參考資料
- Fraunfelder, Frederick T, et al. The role of medications in causing dry eye. Journal of ophthalmology vol. 2012 (2012): 285851. doi:10.1155/2012/285851
- J. Daniel Nelson, et al. Non-hormonal Systemic Medications and Dry Eye. Ocul Surf. 2011 Oct;9(4):212-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1542-0124(11)70034-9
- Jaanus SD. Ocular side effects of selected systemic drugs. Optom Clin. 1992;2(4):73-96. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1363080
- Junping Li, Ramesh C. Tripathi, Brenda J. Tripathi. Drug-induced ocular disorders. Drug Saf. 2008;31(2):127-41. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18217789
- Facts About Dry Eye. The national eye institute. https://nei.nih.gov/health/dryeye/dryeye. Last accessed August 25, 2019.
鼻部去充血劑
天冷或過敏時，您可以使用充血劑來緩解鼻塞，因為它能減緩鼻腔血管的腫脹，讓呼吸恢復暢通。但很不幸地，它也可能減少淚液量。1-5
參考資料
- Fraunfelder, Frederick T, et al. The role of medications in causing dry eye. Journal of ophthalmology vol. 2012 (2012): 285851. doi:10.1155/2012/285851
- J. Daniel Nelson, et al. Non-hormonal Systemic Medications and Dry Eye. Ocul Surf. 2011 Oct;9(4):212-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1542-0124(11)70034-9
- Jaanus SD. Ocular side effects of selected systemic drugs. Optom Clin. 1992;2(4):73-96. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1363080
- Junping Li, Ramesh C. Tripathi, Brenda J. Tripathi. Drug-induced ocular disorders. Drug Saf. 2008;31(2):127-41. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18217789
- Facts About Dry Eye. The national eye institute. https://nei.nih.gov/health/dryeye/dryeye. Last accessed August 25, 2019.
抗憂鬱藥物
抗焦慮藥物與三環抗憂鬱藥物能阻絕腺體活化的訊號傳遞。這也可能影響淚腺，導致雙眼分泌較少淚液。1-5
參考資料
- Fraunfelder, Frederick T, et al. The role of medications in causing dry eye. Journal of ophthalmology vol. 2012 (2012): 285851. doi:10.1155/2012/285851
- J. Daniel Nelson, et al. Non-hormonal Systemic Medications and Dry Eye. Ocul Surf. 2011 Oct;9(4):212-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1542-0124(11)70034-9
- Jaanus SD. Ocular side effects of selected systemic drugs. Optom Clin. 1992;2(4):73-96. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1363080
- Junping Li, Ramesh C. Tripathi, Brenda J. Tripathi. Drug-induced ocular disorders. Drug Saf. 2008;31(2):127-41. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18217789
- Facts About Dry Eye. The national eye institute. https://nei.nih.gov/health/dryeye/dryeye. Last accessed August 25, 2019.
止痛藥物
若您服用布洛芬 (ibuprofen) 與乙醯胺酚 (paracetamol) 等 OTC止痛藥疼痛藥物，特別是大量服用的話，您可能會出現乾眼症症狀。1-5
參考資料
- Fraunfelder, Frederick T, et al. The role of medications in causing dry eye. Journal of ophthalmology vol. 2012 (2012): 285851. doi:10.1155/2012/285851
- J. Daniel Nelson, et al. Non-hormonal Systemic Medications and Dry Eye. Ocul Surf. 2011 Oct;9(4):212-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1542-0124(11)70034-9
- Jaanus SD. Ocular side effects of selected systemic drugs. Optom Clin. 1992;2(4):73-96. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1363080
- Junping Li, Ramesh C. Tripathi, Brenda J. Tripathi. Drug-induced ocular disorders. Drug Saf. 2008;31(2):127-41. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18217789
- Facts About Dry Eye. The national eye institute. https://nei.nih.gov/health/dryeye/dryeye. Last accessed August 25, 2019.
抗粉刺藥物
若您有嚴重粉刺問題，您的醫生可能會開口服A 酸給您，這是一種維他命 A 的衍生物，能減少肌膚的油脂分泌。它的副作用是影響淚膜的脂質層生產，引起淚膜的不穩定與水分蒸發的增加，進而導致乾眼症。1-5
參考資料
- Fraunfelder, Frederick T, et al. The role of medications in causing dry eye. Journal of ophthalmology vol. 2012 (2012): 285851. doi:10.1155/2012/285851
- J. Daniel Nelson, et al. Non-hormonal Systemic Medications and Dry Eye. Ocul Surf. 2011 Oct;9(4):212-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1542-0124(11)70034-9
- Jaanus SD. Ocular side effects of selected systemic drugs. Optom Clin. 1992;2(4):73-96. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1363080
- Junping Li, Ramesh C. Tripathi, Brenda J. Tripathi. Drug-induced ocular disorders. Drug Saf. 2008;31(2):127-41. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18217789
- Facts About Dry Eye. The national eye institute. https://nei.nih.gov/health/dryeye/dryeye. Last accessed August 25, 2019.
若您覺得自己的藥物可能導致乾眼症，請先與醫師討論是否有其他方案，請勿自行停藥。在大部分的狀況中，藥物引發的乾眼症會在停藥後消失，但這可能會需要數週甚至是數月的時間。
